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Wastewater-based Tracing of Doping Use

The prevalence of doping in sport and in the community at large continues to be a 💲 concern in many societies.

Numerous test protocols are in place to test individuals but the increased sensitivity of modern analytical techniques 💲 and the purity of the ultrapure water available to use in testing have opened the scope for screening communal wastewater 💲 for drugs and their metabolites.

Causanilles et al (1) have successfully developed and tested a procedure for 15 substances from the 💲 groups of anabolic steroids (used to promote muscle growth), weight loss products (used to increase metabolism by burning fat) and 💲 masking agents in wastewater using solid phase extraction to increase sensitivity and reduce matrix effects followed by liquid-chromatography coupled to 💲 high resolution mass spectrometry.

50 ml of sample were spiked with an isotope-labeled internal standard, filtered, and acidified before concentration on 💲 a mix-mode cationic polymer-based cartridge.

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    • The bettor selects the sport(s), number of games, and number of points given. If the bettor takes two NBA games at +6.5 it will adjust the individual bets at that rate. So a bet on a 3-point underdog at +3 will become a bet at +9.5 points, and for favorites, it will change a 3-point favorite at "3 to +3.5 points.

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